尊敬的各位來(lái)賓：
我們面前的這座高大宏偉的樓閣就是著名的光岳樓。
光岳樓是國(guó)家歷史文化名城-----聊城的象征。它建于明洪武七年（即公元1374年），距今已經(jīng)有631年的歷史了。光岳樓據(jù)于聊城古城的正中心，在當(dāng)時(shí)建造這個(gè)樓閣的主要作用是：“嚴(yán)更漏，窺敵望遠(yuǎn)，報(bào)時(shí)報(bào)警”的軍事作用。樓閣體現(xiàn)了宋元建筑到明清建筑的一種過(guò)渡，在中國(guó)建筑史上具有很高的地位，所以在1988年的時(shí)候就被評(píng)為國(guó)家重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。
光岳樓占地面積1236平方米，外觀為四重檐歇山十字脊過(guò)街式樓閣，有東、西、南、北四個(gè)拱門(mén)，四門(mén)相通，券上方砌門(mén)額，南曰“文明”，北曰“武定”，西曰“興禮”，東曰“太平”。從建筑結(jié)構(gòu)上說(shuō)它與同時(shí)修建的西安的鐘鼓樓相同，都是由墩臺(tái)和主樓兩部分組成，我們看到的用磚石砌成的高9米的（準(zhǔn)確的說(shuō)是9.38米）就是墩臺(tái)，主樓位于墩臺(tái)之上，高度為24米，整個(gè)樓閣的通高和底邊長(zhǎng)都是33米，也就是古代的九丈九尺，在中國(guó)古代九為陽(yáng)數(shù)之極，寓意著它的高度是不可超越的。631年來(lái)，光岳樓一直是聊城古城區(qū)最高大最雄偉的建筑。
接下來(lái)就請(qǐng)大家隨我等樓參觀。（登樓伊始）
因?yàn)檫@個(gè)樓閣在當(dāng)時(shí)建造它是軍事作用，所以上下通道只有這一個(gè)，樓梯比較陡滑，大家在登樓的時(shí)候都注意腳下。
在敞軒內(nèi)檐下我們可以看到一塊木制的匾額“共登青云梯”，它是原書(shū)法協(xié)會(huì)主席啟功先生所題。 （乾隆御碑前）
在我們面前的這塊石碑就是乾隆的御制詩(shī)章碑。乾隆皇帝曾經(jīng)九過(guò)東昌（5次東巡，6次南巡，9次通過(guò)京杭大運(yùn)河路過(guò)這里），六次登樓，在樓上即興做詩(shī)13首，這塊碑上就完整的鐫刻了5首。碑面兩首，碑陰兩首，碑側(cè)還有一首。
細(xì)心的可能已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這塊碑的中間有斷接的痕跡，文革期間曾被拉倒毀壞過(guò)，史料記載，這里有兩塊乾隆的御制石碑，在文革后只恢復(fù)起一塊，另一塊已經(jīng)對(duì)不起來(lái)了。
我們這塊石碑有它獨(dú)特的文物價(jià)值。這主要體現(xiàn)在兩點(diǎn)上，我們著重來(lái)看一下碑側(cè)這首詩(shī)。首先我們看它的字體，乾隆皇帝是中國(guó)歷史上一位非常有才華的皇帝，在他一生當(dāng)中寫(xiě)詩(shī)就達(dá)到了一萬(wàn)多首，他在各個(gè)景點(diǎn)留下來(lái)的字也是相當(dāng)?shù)亩啵』实墼谄渌胤搅粝聛?lái)的字多為行草或者是小楷字體，您看這首詩(shī)，它是行楷字體，這種字體是不多見(jiàn)的，所以比較珍貴，這是其一。第二點(diǎn)，這首詩(shī)是乾隆55年皇帝80高齡的時(shí)候最后一次登樓所題，乾隆皇帝80歲寫(xiě)的詩(shī)相當(dāng)少，所以，這首詩(shī)就相當(dāng)?shù)挠幸饬x了，我們看他的字寫(xiě)的剛勁有力，圓潤(rùn)流暢，由此可見(jiàn)我們這位皇帝的書(shū)法功底是非常渾厚的。如果大家對(duì)書(shū)法感興趣的話，一會(huì)可以仔細(xì)的揣摩一下。現(xiàn)在大家隨我這邊請(qǐng)。（一樓東門(mén)）
在一樓東門(mén)的門(mén)楣之上，我們可以看到一塊木制的匾額，這塊匾非常的有意思，您看一下右手邊第一個(gè)字，非常象我們現(xiàn)在所寫(xiě)的東西南北的“東”字，但是這塊匾額是清朝時(shí)期所題，在清朝時(shí)期并沒(méi)有“東”字的簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)，“東”呢應(yīng)該是第三個(gè)字，這個(gè)字就是我們東岳泰山的“泰”字，“泰岱東來(lái)做翠屏”，意思就是說(shuō)：巍巍的泰山也不過(guò)是光岳樓東面一座翠綠的屏障。作者用非?？鋸埖氖址?，來(lái)形容這個(gè)樓閣是非常的高大和宏偉的，它的作者就是清朝著名的詩(shī)人施閏章。施閏章字尚白，號(hào)愚山，安徽宣城人，當(dāng)時(shí)官居山東的學(xué)政，他有個(gè)學(xué)生非常給他露臉，就是《聊齋志異》的作者蒲松齡，施閏章就是蒲松齡的老師。施閏章在做山東學(xué)政期間曾經(jīng)斷過(guò)聊城一個(gè)非常有名案件—— 胭脂案，后被他的學(xué)生蒲松齡載入《聊齋志異》當(dāng)中，就是我們的看到胭脂姑娘的故事（在我們湖心島的望岳亭重檐就繪有胭脂姑娘的故事，故此島也叫胭脂島）（一樓室內(nèi)，古城模型邊）請(qǐng)大家到室內(nèi)來(lái)。
在我們一樓的大廳，首先看到的就是我們聊城古城的模型圖。它是根據(jù)清朝嘉慶年間《東昌府志》的《東昌府城圖》制作的。從圖上我們可以看出，我們聊城古城的邊界是非常的方正，邊長(zhǎng)是一公里，面積就是一平方公里。據(jù)于古城正中心的這個(gè)高大的樓閣就是我們現(xiàn)在所站的位置光岳樓。它是四條主干道的交叉路口，這四條主干道方向是非常的方正，呈十字形，其它大街小巷垂直交叉。從整體來(lái)看我們的古聊城就象是一個(gè)大的棋盤(pán)，跟古城西安有幾分相似，都是棋盤(pán)式方格網(wǎng)狀構(gòu)架。
聊城自古便被譽(yù)為：“能陷不失的鳳凰之城”，就是說(shuō)在當(dāng)時(shí)我們聊城的防御體系是非常的完備的，現(xiàn)在我們就來(lái)看一下聊城的防御體系。首先我們看到就是古城墻，您看在四個(gè)角各有一個(gè)望敵樓，每隔一處有一個(gè)角樓，有東、西、南、北四個(gè)城門(mén)，城門(mén)外面的方塊叫做“甕城”，有個(gè)成語(yǔ)叫“甕中捉鱉”指的就是我們的甕城了。聊城的甕城跟其它地方的甕城有所不同，它的門(mén)都是扭頭門(mén)，這在當(dāng)時(shí)更增加了它的防御性。甕城外高禿的部分為護(hù)城堤，中間的為吊橋，繞城一周的藍(lán)色地帶就是當(dāng)時(shí)寬三丈，深兩丈的護(hù)城河，防御體系是非常的完備。
這種規(guī)模便是明朝建立初年駐守在我們東昌衛(wèi)的首御指揮僉使陳鏞所建。聊城原為宋元所遺留的土城，陳鏞認(rèn)為這種土城已經(jīng)不能滿足當(dāng)時(shí)的軍事需要了，為了跟元軍殘余部隊(duì)作戰(zhàn)，他便上書(shū)皇帝，由原來(lái)的蘇綠國(guó)，也就是現(xiàn)在菲律賓國(guó)家運(yùn)來(lái)了一批進(jìn)貢的楠木來(lái)建造聊城古老的城墻，然后他又用建造城墻所剩余的木料和磚石，在城的正中心建造了這樣一座具有軍事作用的樓閣就是光岳樓，所以建樓之初被人們稱為“余木樓”。又名鼓樓。
現(xiàn)在大家再順著我手的方向往上看，在上方有一個(gè)神龕，龕里供奉了一尊神像，他就是木匠的祖師爺魯班。（在聊城關(guān)于這座樓閣的建造有很多傳說(shuō)，最流行的一個(gè)說(shuō)法就是魯班設(shè)計(jì)建造的。傳說(shuō)當(dāng)年陳鏞下令建造一座樓的時(shí)候，工匠們老是拿不出方案，這時(shí)東昌府來(lái)了一位白發(fā)飄飄的老道，他左手拿著一把沒(méi)柄的斧頭，右手里托著一座小樓的模型，這個(gè)小樓模型的高是九寸九。一位老木匠看到后請(qǐng)求老道留下了小樓模型。然后他們照此模型擴(kuò)大了100倍開(kāi)始造樓。工程進(jìn)行的很順利，樓蓋好了卻遇到了一個(gè)新問(wèn)題，原來(lái)樓上的木頭老是活動(dòng)，現(xiàn)加楔子急既來(lái)不及，也不易楔了。這時(shí)，老道又來(lái)了，他一聲不吭的砍了一大堆木楔子，然后用手一指，楔子全都飛上卯里，一個(gè)不多，一個(gè)不少，高樓馬上穩(wěn)固了。老道又圍樓轉(zhuǎn)了三圈，木匠們也跟著轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)著轉(zhuǎn)著就看出了門(mén)道，此樓還有點(diǎn)向西北傾斜，但見(jiàn)老道最后在西北角把他的銹斧頭塞進(jìn)樓基條石下，人們瞇眼一瞧，樓身還真正過(guò)來(lái)了，木匠們知道遇到了神仙，趕忙跪地叩拜，等他們抬起頭來(lái)，已不見(jiàn)老道身影，人們知道老道是神人，魯班顯圣了，于是，樓建成后，人們就把魯班的像塑在這里。），
“巧奪天工”四個(gè)大字便是末代皇帝的弟弟溥杰1988年為慶賀光岳樓被列為全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位時(shí)題寫(xiě)的。這四個(gè)字發(fā)出了對(duì)光岳樓的驚嘆！
神龕兩側(cè)可以看到一副紅色楹聯(lián)，上聯(lián)是：“泰山東峙，黃河西臨，月色濤聲，憑欄把酒無(wú)限好。”下聯(lián)是“層臺(tái)射書(shū)（魯仲連射書(shū)喻燕將），微鄉(xiāng)（殷紂王時(shí)期,封其兄啟于此,稱微子國(guó)）明志，人杰地靈，登樓懷古有余馨。”上聯(lián)寫(xiě)景，描繪了聊城的地理位置，下聯(lián)寫(xiě)人，說(shuō)聊城自古人杰地靈，而登上這座樓，就可以讓我們想起古人創(chuàng)下的偉大業(yè)績(jī)。這是一副人景合一的對(duì)聯(lián)，是1933年聊城縣縣長(zhǎng)孫桐峰所制，1992年10月由山東大學(xué)教授，著名書(shū)法家蔣維松先生重新書(shū)寫(xiě)的。
現(xiàn)在我們?cè)賮?lái)看一下這個(gè)樓閣的主要構(gòu)件。這個(gè)樓閣全部都是卯榫搭扣的木制樓閣，在它的主框架結(jié)構(gòu)中，沒(méi)有用過(guò)一顆釘子。我現(xiàn)在手扶的這根兩邊有紅色抱柱的木柱一共有32根，我們?cè)谖堇锟梢詳?shù)到12根，另外有20根是砌于磚墻之內(nèi)的。樓閣是框架結(jié)構(gòu)的樓閣，墻倒樓不倒，磚墻只是起到了擋風(fēng)避雨的作用，起主要支撐作用的就是這32根木柱，這種木柱我們現(xiàn)在叫金柱，因?yàn)樗浅５母叽螅?dāng)?shù)厝艘步兴ㄌ熘?，它的高度?1.58米，從一樓一直通到三樓，它是一整根的木柱，中間沒(méi)有斷接的。這種木柱便是由原來(lái)的蘇綠國(guó)也就是現(xiàn)在的菲律賓國(guó)家由海運(yùn)經(jīng)京杭大運(yùn)河運(yùn)到我們聊城來(lái)的，它是一批貢木，當(dāng)時(shí)是用進(jìn)貢的木料來(lái)建造聊城古老的城墻，可以看出，在當(dāng)時(shí)聊城的軍事地位是非常的重要的。
隨著明王朝統(tǒng)治的鞏固，此樓軍事功用很快被遺忘，但光岳樓卻以她雄偉高大而名揚(yáng)天下?，F(xiàn)在就請(qǐng)大家隨我登樓參觀。
因?yàn)闃情w是木制樓閣，為了防火，樓上沒(méi)有電，樓梯是比較黑的，所以大家在登樓的時(shí)候都注意腳下。
（二樓，攝影展聊城俯瞰圖前）
剛才我們已經(jīng)看了聊城的古城模型圖，現(xiàn)在我們?cè)賮?lái)看一下這副圖片，它是2002年10月所航拍的聊城的俯瞰圖。從這副圖上我們可以看出，我們聊城古城保留的非常完整，邊界非常的方正，邊長(zhǎng)一公里，面積就是一平方公里。位于古城正中心的就是光岳樓，四條主干道方向是非常的方正，東、西、南、北四座關(guān)橋就是當(dāng)時(shí)東、西、南、北四座吊橋的原址部位，繞城一周的藍(lán)色地帶就是當(dāng)時(shí)的那條護(hù)城河，但是現(xiàn)在經(jīng)過(guò)幾百年的開(kāi)鑿，已經(jīng)形成了6平方公里水域面積的東昌湖，它是北方最大的人工湖，和杭州的西湖相當(dāng)，它的儲(chǔ)水量是1.5億立方米，主要引用就是黃河水。從這副圖上我們就可以看出我們聊城這種獨(dú)特的城市格局：湖中有城，城中有湖，城湖河一體。一會(huì)我們便可以在四樓非常直觀的看到這種景觀。只是有一點(diǎn)比較遺憾，您看一下，這面是西面，從圖上我們可以看到西面的湖面是最窄的，這一部分水面已經(jīng)讓房屋給擋住了，我們看不到了，但是我們可以看到西關(guān)橋，它就是當(dāng)時(shí)西吊橋的原址部位。下面我們到乾隆行宮。（乾隆行宮內(nèi)）
乾隆行宮是乾隆皇帝當(dāng)年題詩(shī)和休息的地方。據(jù)《南巡盛典》記載，光岳樓為乾隆36行宮之一。
在行宮之內(nèi)，我們可以看到墻壁之上有一副圖，它就是《南巡盛典圖.東昌段》，乾隆皇帝南巡之時(shí)帶了隨行的畫(huà)師，畫(huà)師用筆把沿途的景色描繪下來(lái)，集結(jié)成集后，有一部分便稱為《南巡盛典圖》，它就是其中的《東昌段》，再現(xiàn)了清朝時(shí)期聊城的部分景色.我們看一下,最高的樓閣掩藏不住的就是我們的光岳樓,往下是古老的城墻,再往下這條河就是歷史上非常有名的京杭大運(yùn)河.這條河是元至元26年所開(kāi)鑿的會(huì)通河的一段.運(yùn)河給聊城帶來(lái)四百多年的繁榮史,特別是明永樂(lè)十三年,海禁,這條河就成了連通南北的唯一的一條水路通道,因此在當(dāng)時(shí)聊城是非常的繁華,被譽(yù)為“漕挽之襟喉,天都之肘腋”,也有“江北一都會(huì)”的美譽(yù)。旁邊的塔就是聊城最古老的建筑，建于北宋年間的鐵塔，據(jù)今已經(jīng)有一千所年的歷史了。
在乾隆行宮之內(nèi)我們?cè)偬ь^往上看，由二樓我們就可以直接看到三、四樓的景致，這叫做“空井”，它是宋元的一種建筑風(fēng)格?？站怯脕?lái)通風(fēng)、采光的，而在當(dāng)時(shí)建造這個(gè)樓閣的時(shí)候，這個(gè)地方實(shí)際上是一個(gè)上料口。整座樓都是用木頭構(gòu)建，用料很大，別的地方運(yùn)很困難，所以通過(guò)這個(gè)地方用繩子把木料拉運(yùn)上去，然后進(jìn)行上層的建筑。
再往上看，我們就可以看到四樓的屋頂，一個(gè)非常漂亮的屋頂。是用木頭依次雕刻而出的一朵碩大的蓮花，周圍是荷花、菏葉和蓮子來(lái)襯托。它的學(xué)名叫‘藻井“，也叫“蓮花井”，古人把蓮花雕刻在屋頂之上有自己很深的用意，樓閣是木制樓閣，最怕的就是火，當(dāng)時(shí)古人已經(jīng)有了防火的意識(shí)，但是他們沒(méi)有措施，因此便把水中的吉祥物雕刻在屋頂之上，起一個(gè)警示的作用，提醒自己一定要防火。你看這朵蓮花，它是倒置在屋頂之上的，蓮都是生長(zhǎng)在水中的，也就是說(shuō)我們的屋頂便是水座的，“天水克地火”，古人巧妙的利用這種五行相克的原理，是希望這朵蓮花可以鎮(zhèn)住這個(gè)樓閣，給這個(gè)樓閣帶來(lái)一片祥和。
現(xiàn)在我們到三樓參觀。
走到這大家可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，我們的樓梯是越來(lái)越陡，越來(lái)越窄，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)是軍事功用，這樣易守難攻，便于防御。
（三樓上）
三樓是一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)暗層，光線非常暗。它是一個(gè)過(guò)渡層，在這起到承上啟下的作用。
剛才在一樓的時(shí)候我給大家講過(guò)，我們這個(gè)樓閣是由32根高大的木柱起了主要的支撐作用，現(xiàn)在我們首先來(lái)看一下這32根木柱的頂端。（在梁枋下面）。這就是其中的一根，11.58米的高度就此終結(jié)。在它的上端周圍都是一些木頭的梁枋，是用圈梁的形式把內(nèi)外兩漕圈起來(lái)，我們看到只是它最里面的一部分，外面還有一漕，中間有一定距離，在梁枋上方我們可以看到這些笨重的類似龍頭一樣的構(gòu)件，它叫做斗拱，這些斗拱都是承重構(gòu)件，它首先把下邊柱子上的壓力進(jìn)行層層的向上傳遞，然后把樓上的壓力進(jìn)行層層分解，這樣上下兩個(gè)方向的力達(dá)到了一個(gè)平衡。大斗拱外面檐壁之下還有200多個(gè)小斗拱，斗拱內(nèi)外兩部分是連在一起的，這內(nèi)外兩者之間又可以把內(nèi)外的力層層的分解、傳遞，使內(nèi)外兩個(gè)力達(dá)到一個(gè)平衡，由此我們可以看出古人在建造這個(gè)樓閣的時(shí)候已經(jīng)把力學(xué)研究的相當(dāng)?shù)耐笍亓?。好，現(xiàn)在我們到四樓參觀。
（四樓上）
四樓是我們這個(gè)樓閣的最頂層。四樓有四個(gè)嘹望口，這四個(gè)嘹望口就是當(dāng)年明軍嘹望敵情的地方。由這四個(gè)嘹望口我們就可以看到聊城古城的全景。（站在南嘹望口）
現(xiàn)在我們所站的位置就是南嘹望口，您看到的湖面就是當(dāng)時(shí)的護(hù)城河，現(xiàn)在的東昌湖，橋就是南關(guān)橋，是在原南吊橋的原址部位上修建起來(lái)的。在前方我們還可以看到一個(gè)古建筑群，它就是清朝四大私人藏書(shū)樓閣之一的海源閣。海源閣是由當(dāng)時(shí)江南河道總督聊城本地人——楊以增創(chuàng)建，它是江北最大的私人藏書(shū)樓，與江蘇常熟翟紹基的“鐵琴銅劍樓”、浙江杭州丁申、丁丙的“八千卷樓”、浙江吳興陸心源的“百百（bi）宋樓”并稱為清代四大私人藏書(shū)樓。1972年，毛澤東主席作為國(guó)禮贈(zèng)送給日本內(nèi)閣總理大臣田中角榮的《楚辭集注》就是出自于海源閣藏書(shū)的影印本。
（站在西嘹望口）
我們現(xiàn)在所站的位置就是西嘹望口，西面的水域是最寬闊也是最漂亮的。前面的這座橋就是西關(guān)橋，也叫東昌大橋，還有個(gè)名字叫世紀(jì)拱橋。它是二十世紀(jì)末開(kāi)始建造，二十一世紀(jì)初建成，有二十一個(gè)拱洞，象征跨入二十一世紀(jì)。這座橋是目前聊城規(guī)模最大，投資最多的一座橋梁，全長(zhǎng)322米。它的護(hù)欄非?？季?，全部都是采用北京房山一級(jí)漢白玉，用淺浮雕的手法雕刻了266塊《水滸》故事圖案，如果我們漫步東昌大橋一個(gè)來(lái)回，就象是看完了一整部的《水滸傳》。在西南方向我們可以看到一個(gè)半球形的建筑，它就是我們新城的標(biāo)志性建筑——水城明珠大劇場(chǎng)。水城明珠大劇場(chǎng)是根據(jù)澳大利亞悉尼歌舞劇院，由北京清華大學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)建造而成的，全國(guó)唯一一個(gè)具有開(kāi)啟閉合功能的歌舞劇院，它的高度也是33米，九丈九尺，和光岳樓一樣高。里面一共有3636個(gè)新型座椅，它也是目前為止國(guó)內(nèi)最大的室內(nèi)單體劇場(chǎng)。
（站在北嘹望口）
我們現(xiàn)在所站的位置是北嘹望口，北面的水域是比較窄的，但是我們還是可以看得到水。前面的橋就是北關(guān)橋，是在原北吊橋的原址部位上修建起來(lái)的。由北面我們可以看到聊城獨(dú)特的城市格局，“湖中有城，城中有湖，城湖一體”，東昌湖以內(nèi)的這些底矮的建筑就是古城區(qū)，湖以外的高樓大廈就是新城區(qū)。早在建國(guó)初期，為了保護(hù)聊城歷史文化遺產(chǎn)，在制定第一個(gè)城市規(guī)劃時(shí)，就確定了“保護(hù)舊城，開(kāi)辟新區(qū)”的建筑原則，古城區(qū)內(nèi)所有的建筑物的建筑高度都不能超過(guò)12米，也就是光岳樓一樓房檐的高度，因此，較完整的保留了聊城古城原有的風(fēng)貌。
近處我們可以看到一個(gè)綠色植被比較多的方正院落，這就是范筑先紀(jì)念館。范筑先，山東館陶南彥寺人，著名民族英雄，時(shí)（1936）任山東省第六區(qū)行政督察員，保安司令兼聊城縣長(zhǎng)。他積極擁護(hù)黨的抗日主張，堅(jiān)持抵制韓復(fù)榘南撤命令，并于1937年11月19日通電全國(guó)，誓死抗戰(zhàn)到底。1938年11月14日，日軍侵犯聊城，由于頑固分子破壞，范筑先等不及撤退，堅(jiān)守城池15日，日軍攻破城池，壯烈殉國(guó)。1987年，聊城地區(qū)行政公署和聊城市政府共同在此修建了范筑先將軍殉國(guó)處紀(jì)念館。中間黑色最大的石碑就是鄧小平所題的“范筑先殉國(guó)處”，旁邊有一個(gè)小的石碑，是1947年1月解放聊城時(shí)，八路軍某政治機(jī)關(guān)為保護(hù)固有文化免于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)損壞，向入城部隊(duì)發(fā)布的三項(xiàng)命令。其中第一條就是“向范筑先烈士墓地立正，敬禮”。第二條在海源閣，“保護(hù)中國(guó)四大私人藏書(shū)樓之一的海源閣圖書(shū)館”，第三條就在我們的東面了，“妥為保護(hù)傅斯年在北關(guān)街的住宅。”
（站在東嘹望口）
過(guò)了東關(guān)橋就是北關(guān)街了，傅斯年紀(jì)念館在北關(guān)街的東首。
傅斯年，字孟真，他是我國(guó)著名的史學(xué)家，教育家和社會(huì)活動(dòng)家。曾做過(guò)北京大學(xué)代校長(zhǎng)，臺(tái)灣大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)等職務(wù)。傅斯年的一生，做了許多深有影響的大事。他創(chuàng)辦了歷史語(yǔ)言研究所，主持了山東城子崖龍山文化遺址和安陽(yáng)殷墟的挖掘工作等。他是我國(guó)現(xiàn)代知識(shí)分子中的杰出代表，是一位學(xué)貫中西的學(xué)術(shù)大師，也是我們聊城的驕傲。
站在這，我再給大家講一下光岳樓名字的由來(lái)。光岳樓初名為余木樓，它是建造城墻剩余的木料所建，又稱“鼓樓”明成化22年，光岳樓大修后，東昌知府揚(yáng)能，因其地處東昌，將其更名為“東昌樓”，明弘治九年（公元1496年），部考功員外郎李贊路過(guò)東昌，隨東昌太守金天錫登臨此樓。李贊對(duì)這個(gè)樓閣大為贊賞。他就是站在我們現(xiàn)在所站的位置，面向東面，隱約中就看到了泰山，據(jù)說(shuō)倒退四五十年以前，在雨過(guò)天晴的時(shí)候是確實(shí)可以看到泰山的。在古時(shí)候，泰山是人們心目中的神山，因此李贊在他的《題光岳樓詩(shī)序》中這樣說(shuō)道：“因嘆斯樓，天下所無(wú)，雖黃鶴、岳陽(yáng)亦當(dāng)望拜。乃今百年矣尚寞落無(wú)名稱，不亦屈乎？乃與天錫評(píng)，命之曰：光岳樓，取其近魯有光于岱岳也。”意思就是說(shuō)這個(gè)樓閣靠近東岳的泰山，是受泰山神光的庇佑，所以取名光岳，一直沿用至今。
如果說(shuō)這個(gè)樓閣確實(shí)是有泰山神靈的保佑也好，或者是說(shuō)是蓮花井的警示作用也好，或者是聊城人們?nèi)藶楸Ｗo(hù)的好也好，這個(gè)樓閣631年來(lái)，大小火災(zāi)一次都沒(méi)有發(fā)生過(guò)。631年了，它一直屹立于聊城古城正中心，見(jiàn)證著聊城的歷史和滄桑，它是聊城古城的標(biāo)志性建筑，也是聊城歷史文化的象征。
好了，我們光岳樓的講解就到此結(jié)束了，下面大家可以自由的參觀一下，**分鐘后我們樓下集合。
Light on Floor
Dear Ladies and Gentlemen: We have before us the magnificent tall light tower is well-known mountain floor.
Yue floor light of national historical and cultural city ----- Liaocheng symbol. Ming Hongwu it for seven years (1374 AD), now has a 631-year history. According to Yue floor light in Liaocheng city center, in the construction of the pavilion's main role is to: "更漏strict, long-term perspective to see the enemy, time alarm," the military role. Pavilion reflects the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing architectural construction to a transition in the history of Chinese architecture has a high status, so in 1988 when it was named the state's key conservation units.
Yue-kwong floor area of 1236 square meters, the appearance of four ridges重檐歇山cross the street-style pavilion, with east, west, south and north of four arches, the same four, the amount of tickets above the door puzzle, South said, "civilization", North Saying "Wuding," West said, "Lai-hing," East said, "Peace." From the building structure on it and at the same time the construction of the Xi'an Bell Drum Tower the same as the main building by the pier and is composed of two parts, we can see that the masonry structure with a high of nine meters (accuracy is 9.38 meters) is Piers, Piers is located in the main building above the height of 24 meters, the entire tower height and the bottom edge of the pass are 33 meters long, that is, the nine ancient Zhangting九尺, nine in ancient China as the number of very positive, meaning its height is not exceeded. 631 years ago, Yue-kwong, Liaocheng city has been building the highest most magnificent buildings.
The rest is up to please visit with me and other buildings. (At the beginning of登樓)
Because the construction of the pavilion at the time it is the military role, so this is the only channel up and down a relatively steep slippery stairs, we登樓attention at the foot of the time.
Xuan檐下within the open we can see a piece of wooden board, "Gordon Green has a ladder", which is the original calligraphy by Mr Qi Gong Association title. (Qianlong御碑a(chǎn)go)
In front of us is that this monument of the Royal Qianlong Chapter poetry monument system. Emperor Qianlong had been Dongchang 9 (5 times Tour East, southern 6th, 9th through the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal pass by here), six登樓, improvisation upstairs做詩(shī)13, this monument is inscribed on the integrity of the 5. Monument surface 2, two碑陰, there is one side of the monument.
Carefully may have found the middle of this monument marks disconnect, leave had been destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, the historical records, there are two of the Royal system Qianlong stone, only to resume after the Cultural Revolution from a piece, another piece has been I am sorry come.
We have this piece of stone has its unique heritage value. This is mainly reflected in two points, we focus on the monument side look at this poem. First of all, we see the fonts, Qianlong emperor in Chinese history is a very talented emperor, in his writing throughout his life has reached more than 10,000 on the first, he stayed in various spots of the word is also considerable, but Qianlong emperors in other places to stay for Cursive characters or lower case font, you see this poem, it is行楷fonts, this font is rare, it is more valuable, this is one. Second, this poem is the Qianlong emperor 55 years when 80-year-old by the last登樓title, 80-year-old Emperor Qianlong wrote very few poems, so this poem is quite meaningful, and we see him write the word the vigorous and effective, smooth flowing, we can see the emperor's calligraphy, we are very simple and honest knowledge of. If you are interested in calligraphy, one can try to figure out a careful look.
Here with me now please.
(The first floor of the East Gate)
East Gate in the lintel above the first floor, we can see a wooden plaque, this plaque is very interesting, you look at the first word right-hand side, very like what we are now written by the North and the South's "East" word , but this board is the title of the Qing period in the Qing Dynasty, and there is no "east" of the abbreviated word, "east" it should be the first three words, the word is that we Dongyue Taishan's "Thai" characters, "泰岱Tsui East to do ", meaning to say: The Towering Taishan mountain is merely a light green floor, the east of a barrier. The authors used a very exaggerated way to describe the tower is very tall and magnificent, it is the author of the famous Qing Shi Runzhang poet. Shi Runzhang word is still white, No. Yu Shan, Anhui Xuancheng, and at that time Shandong Xuezheng官居, he is to his students get, that is, "Strange," the author of Pu, Pu Shi Runzhang is teacher. Shi Runzhang Shandong doing Xuezheng Liaocheng been broken during a very well-known cases - rouge case, after loading his students SONGLING "Strange," which is why we see the story of the girl rouge (in our Lake Heart Island岳亭look重檐painted rouge on the girl's story, the island is also called rouge Island)
(First floor room, while the ancient city model)
Please come to the room.
The first floor in our room, first of all that we see the model Liaocheng city. It is based on years of the Qing Dynasty Jiaqing "Dongchangfu chi" and "Dongchangfu city map" produced. From the chart we can see, we Liaocheng city side of the border is, while it is one kilometer long, is an area of one square kilometers. According to the ancient city is the center of the tall tower is the station we are now the location of light-dake floor. It is the crossroads of the four main road, which is the direction of the four main road of the Founder, was a cross, the other a vertical cross-streets. Overall, as our ancient Liaocheng is a big chessboard, with a bit similar to the ancient city of Xi'an, is the framework of grid mesh grid.
Liaocheng since ancient times as they: "can not lose the Phoenix settlement of the city", that is to say we were Liaocheng in the defense system is very complete, and now we look at the Liaocheng on the defense system. First of all we see is the ancient city wall, you do not have a look at the four corners敵樓every one has a turret, there are east, west, south, north four Shing, Shing Mun outside the box called "甕城"There is a proverb called"甕中捉鱉"refers to the甕城our. Liaocheng甕城with other parts of the甕城is different, because it turned the door is the door, which at that time, it also adds to the defensive. Taiwania甕城outside the high part of the city retaining embankment, the middle for the bridge, the beltway week was a blue zone三丈wide, deep moat of兩丈, defense system is complete.
This scale is the establishment of the early years of the Ming Dynasty stationed in our first Royal Dongchang command Wei Qian Yong Chen built so. Liaocheng was left over from the Song and Yuan Dynasties Tucheng, Chen Yong Tucheng think this can no longer meet the needs of the military at that time, in order to combat with residual Yuanjun, he released a letter to the emperor, the Soviet Union from the Green Power, which is now the Philippine National transported to a number of tribute to the construction of nanmu Liaocheng ancient walls, and then he left with the construction of the walls of the timber and masonry in the city center with the construction of such a military role in the loft floor is light-dake, so building the early days of being referred to as "more than木樓." Also known as Gulou.
Let us now follow the direction of my hand up, in the top of a shrine, dedicated to a niche where a statue, he is the carpenter Lu Ban祖師爺. (In Liaocheng on the construction of the pavilion there are many legends, one of the most popular design that is built in Luban. Legends Yong Chen was ordered to build a floor, when the craftsmen老是拿not see the program, when Dongchangfu to the Music of the Road, a white hair, he left no one with the ax handle, right hand holding a small building in the model, this small building is a nine inch high model of 9. an old request to see a carpenter Road left a small building model. and then they broadened the basis of this model to start building floor 100 times. works very well, good floor, it will encounter a new problem, the original wood floors are always activities, are additional wedge both anxious time, but also a hard wedge. At this time, Road again, he's cut a lot of silent wooden wedge, and then手一指, wedge d fly in all, a little, a lot of , a strong high-rise immediately. Wai House Road and turn three times, followed by a carpenter who also transferred, the transfer to the Road to see that the floor still tilted to the northwest, but see the last section in the northwest corner of his rust axes into the stone floor, under the rules-based, people squinting一瞧, are also building up a genuine, experienced carpenter gods know,叩拜down quickly, and they looked up, have not seen Road, people knew that God Road people, Luban Vision, and therefore, the property completed, people just like plastic Luban here.),
"Representing" the four characters is The Last Emperor's brother in 1988 to celebrate Pujie Yue Floor Light is listed as key national heritage conservation units inscription. Words sent a light-dake amazing floor!
Shrines on both sides of a red couplets can be seen, the joint is: "Zhi, Shandong and Thailand, west of the Yellow River, the moonlight濤聲, lean on a railing is infinitely good wine." Is下聯(lián)"layer of Taiwan launched the book (the book魯仲連shot喻燕will be), micro-township (殷紂Wang period, the closure of Kai brother here, said the country sub-micro) Mingzhi, outstanding,登樓have余馨tone. "寫(xiě)景the Alliance, described the geographical location of Liaocheng, who wrote下聯(lián)that Liaocheng has always been outstanding, and the board這座樓, you can record reminds us of the great performance of the ancients. This is one of a King who couplet is Liaocheng Prefecture in 1933 the system孫桐peak, in October 1992 by a professor of Shandong University, a famous calligrapher Mr. Jiang Weisong re-written.
Now we take another look at the main components of the tower. The pavilions are all mortise and tenon wooden hasp pavilion, the main frame in its structure, not a nail used. I now hand the root of this column on both sides of the red wooden pillars hold a total of 32, we can be in the house number to 12, while block 20 is within the walls. Pavilion Pavilion is a frame structure, the wall would not be brought down by floor, brick wall rain only play the role of the wind as a major supporting role is that of the 32 wooden pillars, wooden pillars that we are now called Kim, because it is the tall, the locals also call it pass Tianzhu, its height is 11.58 meters, from the first floor has lead to the third floor, which is a whole root of the wooden pillars, there is no disconnect in the middle. This is the wooden pillars of the Soviet Union from the green country of the Philippines is now the country by the sea by the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal to Liaocheng to us, and it is a group of kung wood, then wood is tribute to the ancient city wall built Liaocheng, you can that at the time of the military status of Liaocheng is very important.
Dongguan had Beiguan Street Bridge is, and Fu Guan Memorial Hall in the North East First Street.
Fu, Meng true character, he is well-known historian, educator and social activist. Peking University has done on behalf of principals, heads of universities in Taiwan and so on. Fu's life, done a lot of deep impact event. He founded the Institute of History, chaired the Longshan Culture in Shandong Chengziya Yin Ruins in Anyang sites and the excavation work. He is of modern intellectuals in the outstanding representative of a school's academic master of both Chinese and Western, is also the pride of Liaocheng.
Stand this, I give you light to talk about the origin of the name of mountain building. The beginning of light known as Yu Yue木樓floor, which is the remainder of the construction of walls built of wood, also known as "Drum" Ming Chenghua 22 years after the overhaul floor light Yue, Yang Dongchang can知府because Dongchang located, will be renamed as "floor Dongchang" Koji prescribed nine years (AD 1496), the Ministry of Examination員外郎Gong Li Chan Dongchang passing, with the金天錫Prefecture Dongchang the floor board. Lee Chan significant appreciation of the pavilion. He is standing on the station we are now the location for the eastern side of the lines seen on the Mountain, is said to back四五十年ago, when the storm really can see the Mount Tai. In ancient times, the eyes of Taishan Mountain is so Chan-Lee in his "Poem title sequence optical Yue House" in said: "The Adams House sighed, and the world, which is, though Hwanghak, they should look Yueyang al. Is this century is still lonesome down without having the name, do not also屈乎?天錫is with the comment of the said Order: Optical Yue House, lesser light in the near Lu also岱岳. "mean that is close to the pavilion Dongyue Taishan, Taishan Shenguang is subject to the blessing, so named Yue-kwong, are still in use.
If it is indeed the house of God or the gods Taishan, or wells that lotus or warning, or the protection of Liaocheng good people or man-made, the tower 631 years ago, the size of the fire has not happened once. 631 years, it has been standing in the center of the ancient city of Liaocheng, Liaocheng witnessed the history and vicissitudes of life, it is Liaocheng city landmarks, history and culture is also a symbol of Liaocheng.
Well, we light on the mountain on the floor of this end, the following are free to visit us about ** minutes after we set the ground floor.
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